Decorating or annealing oven



- i c. E. FRAZIER. DECORATING OR ANNEALING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26, .1921.

Patented Sept. 6,1921.

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C. E. FRAZIER. DECORATING 0R ANNEALING OVEN.

' wucmor' FILED MAR/26,1921- Patented S ptl 6, 1921,

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INVENTOR ATTORNEY' c. E. FRAZIER.

DECORATING 0R ANNEALING OVEN.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26, I921.

Patented'Sept. 6, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Q 2 I I u INVENTOR UNITED I STATES GKALUNOEY FRAZIER, WASHINGTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

DECORATING OR ANNEALING OVEN.

I Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented Se t 6, 1921 Application filed March 26, 1921. Serial No. 455,719.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LCHAUNCEY, E. FRA- ZIER, a citizen of'the United States of America, and resident of Washington, county of Washington, and State .of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in [Decoratin or Annealing Ovens, of which the following is a specification. v

This invention relates broadly to decorating furnaces, and more specifically to a furnace'or oven of the mufile type designed for burning or fixing decorations on articles of glassware, ceramic ware and enamel ware, and also adapted for annealing purposes.

The primary object of the invention is to produce a muille oven which has a construction and arrangement providing for the firing or decorated ware for fixing the pigments or other substance employed in the decoration, for annealing or re-annealing of glass,steel, or the like, and which affords means whereby may be controlled the temduction in the temperature.

perature to whichthe ware is subjected, the rate at which the ware' is heated to the maximum temperature, and the rate at which the ware is cooled following heating to the maximum or following a predetermined re- With these and other important objects in view, the invention resides in the features of construction, arrangement of. parts and combinations of elements whichwill hereinafter be fully described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1 and 1 illustrate the invention in longitudinal section taken substantially on the line 1--1, Fig. 3;

Figs. 2 and 2" showa section on line 22, Fig. 3; and

ig. 3 is an enlarged transversesection on line 3-3, Fig. 1.

Referrin to said drawings, 1 indicates generally t e mufile chamber to the front end of which leads an inclosed passage or entrance way 2 and fromwhich leads a similar passage or exitway 3, an endless carrier consisting of sprocket chains-4 with transverse carrier bars 5 being provided for supporting the usual ware-carrying pans and having its upper traverse arranged for continuous travel through said chamber and said passages. As shown, said carrier includes supporting rollers 6 which travel upon trackways 7 mounted on the floor 8 of said chamber and upon transverse beams 9 in said passages. Sprocket wheels 10 and 11 located at the entrance and exit ends of the oven passages carry the chains 4 and are adapted to be propelled in any appropriate manner for advancing the latter.

Thefioor 8 and roof-12 of the muflle chamber 1 are formed of thin-slabs or plates of refractory tile or other suitable material which are adapted to permit of radiation of heat therethrough to the muflle chamber with a minimum of waste. Located in the side walls of said mulile chamber at spaced intervals are thin panels 13 of similar mate-. rial, also designed to permit of maximum radiation of heat therethrough.

The plates or tiles 8 of the floor -8 are said chamber is a plurality of longitudinally alined chambers, herein shown .as four 111' number and designated '21, 22, 23 and 24, which are separated by walls or partitions The chambers '22 and 23 are prima combustion chambers or fire boxes to whizli fuel, as natural gas, producer gas, or fuel oil, is introduced through burner openings 26 provided in the crown '20. The opposite outer, or end, chambers 21 and 24 are secondary combustion chambers which receive the products of combustion from the fireboxes 22 and 23 in a manner which will hereinafter be. described and which dischar e such products, as through ports 27, to suitably located stacks 28.

The space intermediate the side-walls of the muffle chamber 1 and the furnace walls 19 is divided by relatively spaced webs 33 into vertical fiues 29 which communicate at their upper ends with themuflle overlying chambers and at their lower ends with short horizontal transversely directed fines or passages 30' leading to the under-floor fiues 15 directly over the level of the slabs 17. Said vertical fines 29 are located directly adiacent to the panels 13 in the side walls of the muffle chamber so that a part of the said panels.

"22 and 23 passes downward through" the vertical side tlues 29, thence through the pas- I sages 30 to the longitudinal under-floor lines 15, whence it passes outward and upward.

through similar passages 30 and flues 15, respectiv'ely, to the secondary chambers 21 and 24, and thence tothe stacks'28 through the ports 27. It will thus be seen that the muffle chamber 1 is almost completely surrounded by the heat which courses through the various fiues and passages, and that, consequently, there is a substantially uniform radiation of heatintosaid chamber fromv all directions, resulting in an even heat distribution, which is particularly advantageous in an oven 0t: this character in that theware acted upon is uniformly heated throughout and is not subjected to the unequal strains which would be imposed thereon were certain of the mufile chamber walls permitted to'remain relatively cool. Stated somewhat differently, due to the arrangement of the muffle chamber in such mannerthat each of its walls receives and radiatesheatto the in terior thereof, not only is an efiicient'and economical heat distribution effected, but the effective treatment of the were is'promoted.

In practice, any treatment of the ware best suited to the particular character of. its decorations is readily effected; that is to say, the oven may be operated to secure any desired temperature range in its different parts and to provide any required temperature curve; For instance, if it be required that the ware, which is cold' when it enters the front end of the oven, shall be heated gradually to a maximum temperature and then ma ntained at said maximum throughoutan interval of time followed by gradual cooling, either one or both of the pri- -mary combustion chambers 22 and 23 may be fired, accordingas it "is desired that said maximum be comparatively low or high, and the dampers 31 of the vertical fines 29 communicating with the opposite secondary chambers 21 and 24 will be allowed to remain open to allow free communication with the latter. Should it be desired that the ware be subjected to a flash heat-that is, subjected to the maximum temperature for a comparatively short intervalthe dampers of the vertical fluescommunicat- 7 ing with the secondary chamber 2% should,

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be closed, as m'ayalso the dampers ot the vertical flues which communicate with the primary combustion chamber 23, provided the maximum temperature required is obtainablebythe firing (it-the single primary 7O chamber 22. H a somewhat higher flashheat temperature .be required, low fire i may be maintained in primary chamber 22 and the maximum' provided in primary chamber 23, with the dampers oi the fines leading to secondary chamber/2a closed or partially so. Further, it will be. apparent that various other results are readily obtainable through manipulation of the dampers of the various chambers. it will be understood that the described construction and arrangement of the parts of the oven provides for such absolute control of heat that the production of any temperature curve which may be desired, or which may be best suited to the character'of ware and decorations under treatment, is readily obtainable.

Sightopenings, or port holes 32 are pro: vided in the walls 19 at suitable intervals, .90 through which may be observed the character and effects of the fire upon the articles passing through oven.

'WVhat is claimed is k I 1. In amuffie oven, 'a'furnace comprising 5 a primary combustion chamber and secondary. chambers located at opposite endsi 7 said furnace beneath said chambers and comprising a floor, side-walls and a roof, vertical flues formed between'tlie side-walls of said muflie and those of the furnace, and flues I extending longitudinally beneath said floor and having. communication with said vertical fiues, said communicating flues constituting passages-around the mufiie for conduct ing products of combustion to said secondary chambers. I p

2. In a mutfie oven, a furnace comprising a primary combustion chamber and sec? ondary chambers located at opposite ends of said primary chamber, means separating said chambers, a muifie extending-through said furnace beneath said chambers and comprising a floor, sidewalls and a roof, vertical lines formed between the side-walls of said mufile and those of the furnace, flues extending longitudinally beneath said floor and having communication with said vertical In brief, '80

of said primary chamber, means separating bers, flues extending longitudinallybeneath said muiile, vertical fiues between said muflie and the side-walls of the furnace affording communication between the longitudinal fines and the various chambers, and adjustable means for controlling the passage of heat through said fines and whereby the temperature of the muffle at any part of its length may be regulated.

4:. In a muffie oven, a furnace comprising a plurality of longitudinally alined primary combustion chambers, and secondary combustion chambers. located at opposite ends of said primary chambers, division walls separating saidchambers, a mulile extending through said furnace beneath said chambers, fines extending longitudinally beneath the floor of said mufiie, vertical flues between said mufiie and. the sides of the furnace, said vertical flues affording communication between said underfioor fines and each of the various chambers whereby heat from said primary chambers may .be conducted around said mufile to the secondary chambers, and means operable into and out of closing relation to said vertical flues whereby the passage of heat through any of the latter I may be controlled.

5. In a mufile oven, a furnace comprising a plurality of longitudinally alined primary combustion chambers, and secondary combustion chambers located at opposite ends of said primary chambers, means preventing direct communication between said chambers, stacks in communication with said secondarychambers, a mufiie extending through said furnace beneath saidichambers,

liues located beneath said mufile, flues be- I tween said mufile and the side walls of said furnace and providing means of communication between said under-floor fiues and the various chambers, said side fines and underfloor fiues constituting mufile-surrounding courses traversed by products of combustion in passing from the pr'imary'combustionchambers to the secondary chambers, and adjustable means in said fines for controlling the passage of said products.

6. In a mufiie oven, a furnace comprising a plurality of Ion itudinally alined primary combustion cham ers, and secondary conibustion chambers located at opposite ends of'said primary chambers, means preventing direct communication between said chambers, stacks in communication with said secondary ehambers,a mufiie extending through said furnace beneath said chambers, flues ,located'beneath said mufiie, flues between said mufiie and the side walls of said furnace and providing means of communication between said under-floor flues and the various chambers, said side fines and under-floor fiues constituting muffle-surrounding courses traversed by products of combustion in pass ing from-the'primary combustion chambers to the secondary chambers,'adjustable means in said fiues for controlling the passage said products, inclosed ways located'at opposite ends of and in alinement with the chamber of said mufiie, and ware carriers movable through said ways and saidmufile chamber.

In testimony whereof, l aliix my signature in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAUNCEY E. Fnazrnn.

Witnesses:

y W. DUNCAN PATTON,

JOHN N. WILSON. 

